Analysis and Critique on French Education System

As I would see it, the French instruction framework is flawed and undeserving. Meisler depicts for us in enlivened detail, the torment that French understudies experience in their schooldays. It is likewise generally simple for me to comprehend this situation in light of the fact that in my nation, India, the scene is strikingly comparative. It is likewise the explanation that I am here right nowâ€in the United States getting the advantages of the best undergrad framework in the worldâ€to bring home with me the gathering of a â€Å"liberal† instruction. I discover the absence of French understudies in an American organization amazing. Unquestionably French guardians will think and reevaluate before settling on a decision between their child†s future and the haughtiness of their country†s culture. Do they truly need hazard their youngsters to experience a framework where the possibility of getting the baccalaureate degree is just one out of three? What is the purpose of â€Å"attempting† to get training? The country†s education rate peruses ninety-nine percent yet Meisler shows that 66% of France is without a presumed degree. These measurements are inconceivable in the remainder of the world. Understudies who do figure out how to get this degree get big name treatment and many proceed to become Nobel laureates. In any case, what of the individuals who not make it? They carry on with a dark life, influenced by their disappointment until their withering day. This likewise happens to be the explanation behind France†s derisive conduct towards vacationers. One frequently goes over a French server or low-level civil servant or store representative acting protectively as they had finished with their educators, frantically attempting to sidestep objection. Dread being their inspiration as opposed to the quest for progress. French training apparently lectures that France is the world and that there is nothing past. Meisler has brought up an emblematic model when he says that, in English, individuals for the most part attempt to pass judgment fair and square of perception of the individual with whom they are bantering. They at that point attempt to adjust to a similar frequency so the discussion continues with least trouble. Notwithstanding, to the French, this is an outsider idea. On the off chance that you can't talk the ideal sentence structure that they as kids have been educated in medieval design, you become a pariah. I think the French need to alter their way of thinking and look past characterizing â€Å"education† as â€Å"academics†. There is significantly more to total training than exactness of brain, order of language and a gigantic store of memory. They need to understand that Nobel laureates don't mean much until they are agents of their whole nation. Despite the fact that France may have had a few more Nobel laureates than the United States, it has accomplished this at a cost. The cost of dismissing their â€Å"lesser† residents. The United States then again has gone the Darwinian wayâ€the procedure of regular selectionâ€and has let the individuals find themselves and bring the best out in them. They have not had them shaped to become predominant beingsâ€which in my jargon peruses as â€Å"robots†Ã¢â‚¬which thus is characterized in the Webster word reference as â€Å"an effective unfeeling individual who works naturally. † The French instruction framework is in urgent need of a total upgrade. Something else, their country will lose the entirety of the little significance that they have on the planet today due to their impropriety and self-importance. France is and will be simply a furious yapping poodle amidst uninterested, lazing bulldogs.

How To Research Latino Ancestry and Genealogy

The most effective method to Research Latino Ancestry and Genealogy Indigenous in regions from the southwestern United States toward the southern tip of South America and from the Philippines to Spain, Hispanics are a differing populace. From the little nation of Spain, a huge number of Spaniards have emigrated to Mexico, Puerto Rico, Central and South America, Latin America, North America, and Australia. Spaniards settled the Caribbean islands and Mexico over a century prior to the English settled Jamestown in 1607. In the United States, Hispanics settled in Saint Augustine, Florida, in 1565 and in New Mexico in 1598. Frequently, a quest for Hispanic lineage drives at last to Spain however is likely that various family ages settled in the nations of Central America, South America or the Caribbean. Additionally, the same number of these nations are viewed as mixtures, it isn't exceptional that numerous people of Hispanic plunge won't just have the option to follow their family tree back to Spain, yet additionally to areas, for example, France, Germany, Italy, Eastern Europe, Africa, and Portugal. Start at Home On the off chance that youve invested any energy looking into your family tree, this may sound prosaism. Be that as it may, the initial phase in any parentage inquire about venture is, regardless, what you know - yourself and your immediate predecessors. Scour your home and approach your family members for birth, demise and marriage endorsements; old family photographs; migration reports, and so on. Meeting each living relative that you can discover, being certain to ask open-finished inquiries. See 50 Questions for Family Interviews for thoughts. As you gather data, make certain to arrange the records into scratch pad or folios, and enter the names and dates into a family graph or parentage programming program. Hispanic Surnames Most Hispanic nations, including Spain, have an exceptional naming framework where youngsters are generally given two last names, one from each parent. The center name (first family name) originates from the dads name (apellido paterno), and the last name (second last name) is the moms birth name (apellido materno). Now and then, these two family names might be discovered isolated by y (which means and), in spite of the fact that this is no longer as normal as it once seemed to be. Ongoing changes to laws in Spain imply that you may likewise locate the two family names switched - first the moms last name, and afterward the dads family name. Ladies likewise hold their original surname when they get hitched, making it a lot simpler to follow families through numerous ages. Know Your History Knowing the nearby history of the spots where your progenitors lived is an incredible method to accelerate your examination. Basic movement and relocation examples may give signs to your predecessors nation of beginning. Knowing your neighborhood history and geology will likewise enable you to figure out where to search for the records of your predecessors, just as give some incredible foundation material to when you plunk down to compose your family ancestry. Discover Your Familys Place of Origin Regardless of whether your family currently lives in Cuba, Mexico, the United States or another nation, the objective in looking into your Hispanic roots is to utilize the records of that nation to follow your family back to the nation of starting point. Youll need to look through open records of where your precursors lived, including the accompanying significant record sources: Church RecordsThe records of the Roman Catholic church speak to probably the best hotspot for finding a Hispanic familys spot of root. Neighborhood area records in Hispanic Catholic wards incorporate hallowed records, for example, submersions, relationships, passings, internments, and affirmations. Especially important are marriage records, in which the town of beginning is as often as possible reported for the lady of the hour and husband to be. A large number of these records are kept in Spanish, so you may see this Spanish Genealogical Word List as accommodating in interpretation. A greater part of these Hispanic ward records have been microfilmed by the Family History Library in Salt Lake City and you can get the ones you need through your neighborhood Family History Center. You may likewise have the option to acquire duplicates by composing legitimately to the nearby area where your progenitors lived.Civil or Vital RecordsCivil enlistment is the record kept by neighborhood admin istrations of the births, relationships, and passings inside their locales. These records give great sources to data, for example, the names of relatives, dates of significant occasions and, potentially, the familys spot of birthplace. In the United States, later fundamental records are generally kept up at the state level. All in all, polite records go back to the mid 1900s in the United States; 1859 in Mexico; 1870s-1880s in generally Central and South American nations; and 1885 in Puerto Rico. Common or indispensable records are regularly kept at the nearby (town, town, district or city) level in the neighborhood court, metropolitan office, region office or Civil Registry office. Many have additionally been microfilmed by the Family History Library (see church records). Movement RecordsA number of migration sources, including traveler records, outskirt crossing records, and naturalization and citizenship records, are likewise helpful for distinguishing the spot of root of a foreigner precursor. For early Spanish displaced people, the Archivo General de Indias in Seville, Spain, is the vault for Spanish records managing the Spanish provincial time frame (1492-1810) in the Americas. These reports regularly incorporate the origination of every individual recorded. Boat appearances and traveler records give the best documentation of foreigners who went to the Americas after the center of the nineteenth century. These records, kept at significant North, Central, and South American ports, can ordinarily be found in the National Archives of the nation being referred to. Many are likewise accessible on microfilm through your nearby family ancestry focus. Following your Hispanic roots may, in the end, lead you to Spain, where genealogical records are among the most seasoned and best on the planet.

Boy-Actresses and the Character of Rosalind in As You Like It :: Shakespeare As You Like It Essays

Kid Actresses and the Character of Rosalind in As You Like It   â â â When Shakespeare composed his plays, ladies were not allowed to perform in front of an audience, so young men played the entirety of the female characters.â Unlike numerous apprenticeships, a kid figuring out how to turn into an entertainer had no set age at which to start and no set length of to what extent to consider, yet they generally started around the age of ten and kept assuming ladies or youthful jobs for around seven years.â These young men were apprenticed to a particular on-screen character inside an acting gathering, and were not joined to the association as a whole.â There was an exceptionally solid instructor student connection between the grown-up on-screen character and the kid, yet there was likewise all the time a dad child relationship.â The young men as a rule lived in the grown-up on-screen characters home with his family.â The possibility of a disciple isn't hard to envision, yet for some advanced crowds, a kid assuming the job of a ladie s is extremely hard to picture.â This image is much increasingly hard to see while analyzing the plays of Shakespeare and the solid female characters that he frequently depicts.â (Bentley 117)  In Shakespeare's As You Like It, Rosalind has numerous layers and goes about as a character taking on a wide range of roles.â The possibility that there is a kid playing a lady camouflaged as a man claiming to be a lady for charming, is one that is confounding but then makes sense.â What adds to this is the possibility that Rosalind, masked as Ganymede, is professing to be Rosalind, not another lady, however herself.â One can see that she once in a while slips from the job of Ganymede imagining, to being Rosalind, with remarks, for example, And I am your Rosalind (Norton 4.1-56) and By my life, she will do as I do (Norton 4.1-135).â In these occasions it is just as Rosalind overlooks that she is veiled as a man, yet what does this mean for the entertainer playing her character?â For one it shows that he should be clear concerning which job of the character he was playing.â As one can envision  A crowd of people would be confounded except if the entertainer, paying little heed to sexual orientation, clarified when Rosalind herself was talking, when the character was talking as Ganymede, and when Ganymede was the generalized 'Rosalind'â (Shapiro 122).  This thought raises the flexibility that the kid more likely than not had so as to assume such a job.

Leadership Assessment - 1529 Words

MGMT 615 Leadership Assessment Mary M. McMurrin University of Maryland University College Final Paper In order for someone to be an effective leader, one would have to bestow certain skills and characteristics or some can be obtained over a period of time. Various assessments and questionnaires are designed to measure and give insight on certain skills or traits an individual may have. Some of those assessments include the skills inventory, leadership trait questionnaire, style questionnaire, leadership questionnaire, least preferred coworker, path goal, LMX, and the authentic leadership self-assessment. By conducting these questionnaires and assessments, not†¦show more content†¦Due to the â€Å"human skills† that I naturally bestow, I am able to empathetically address needs of people in states of vulnerability while maintaining professionalism. I have to maintain relationships with my client’s, family members, care providers, and participating vendors within the community. I always have to show compassion for my clients and have empathy when necessary in ord er to build trusting effective relationships that are built on trust. I have to be dependable and a good listener in order to locate the services that are deemed to be beneficial for the client at that given time. My client’s need to be able to rely on the fact that I will come through and make sure that every need, fear, or question that the client may have will hopefully be resolved in a timely fashion. †¢ Another example that exemplifies the scores that were evident throughout the skill assessments are how I deal with co-workers at work. We all have to work together and assist each other, when necessary, to locate resources for our client’s. We have to collaborate effectively while assisting each other with developing safe plans of care for every client. I have to be a part of a team of inter-disciplinarians that all bring a sense of knowledge andShow MoreRelatedLeadership Goals : Leadership And Leadership Assessment Essay2082 Words   |  9 Pageson their le adership skills. During the reading and the Leadership Assessment, there are five leadership philosophy s that are most important to today s leaders including creating a sense of responsibility, education, ability to lead by example, giving praise where it does, and understanding. If today’s managers apply these five principles, they will be well on their way to being exceptional leaders. Through these five principles and what was learned in the Leadership Assessment , I was ableRead MoreLeadership Self Assessment551 Words   |  2 PagesLeadership takes on many faces depending on the responsibilities and environments that are available (Rubino, Esparza Chassiakos, 2014). However, some basic qualities are universal to all effective leaders. Emotional intelligence and conflict resolution skills form part of crucial leadership qualities (Parker, Sakfloske Stough, 2009). Emotional intelligence, basically, refers to the ability of an individual to understand and interpret emotions effectively. The paper is based on a self-assessmentRead MoreLeadership Styles Of A Leadership Style Assessment743 Words   |  3 PagesLeadership Styles in Nursing Danny Coughlin University of Louisiana of Lafayette Leadership Styles in Nursing The enclosed information in this paper is based on a Leadership Style Assessment that was printed from a dynamic leadership handbook. I will discuss the results of the leadership style assessment, why or why not I agree with the results and which type of leadership makes the best or worst leader. I will also review a past nursing supervisor’s leadership style and state whetherRead MoreA Reflection On The Assessment Of Leadership And Collaboration1666 Words   |  7 Pagessemester. The first learning outcome is leadership and collaboration. The educators establish leadership by seeking leadership roles and other opportunities to take responsibility for student learning. Mr. Cornutt and Mrs. Morgan work with other educators in their school systems to make sure other educators are teaching the same information when covering similar topics. Both of the teachers will let their colleagues review some assessments to confer that the students are giving accurate statementsRead MoreLeadership Development Pl Assessment1100 Words   |  5 PagesLeadership Development Plan: Assessment Introduction What is the outcome of the leadership development plan? Was the plan successful? What could have been better executed within the plan? These are questions that need answers when assessing and measuring the effectiveness of a leadership development plan. In order to effectively measure the outcome of the plan, the correct tools must be utilized. Multi-source toolkits are often utilized to measure the effectiveness of the plan and its outcomesRead MoreLeadership Style and Personality Assessment1290 Words   |  6 PagesUnit 1 Assignment Leadership Style and Personality Assessment Anioushka G-Saint Cyril HA510 Professor Yu-Wei Yang August 4, 2015 There are many leadership styles and is important to know which style you are. There are many ways one can learn their leadership style, for example, through assessments. Knowing your leadership style will help you become a better leader. Although there are many leadership assessments our text discussed four assessments that can give insights into building blocksRead MoreThe Leadership Self Assessment At The Workplace875 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of the Findings The leadership self-assessment above indicates own leadership strengths, specifically interpersonal skills. These skills include verbal and non-verbal communication, negotiation, problem-solving, and assertiveness. As a matter of point, interpersonal skills build strong working relationship among employees, hence, improving efficiency in management. Besides, political skills help to manage the organizational politics and reduce workplace conflicts (Hersey, Ken, and DeweyRead MoreThe Theory Of Leadership Self Assessment1355 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership Self-Assessment As you go through your nursing career, you will find that many different theories can apply to everyday situations you encounter. I feel that even though I have been a nurse for 3  ½ years, I am still growing, learning, and taking in all kinds of new information and experiences from other nurses. The two theories of leadership I will evaluate myself on in this paper will be the skills approach and the team leadership theory. The skills approach shifts our focus from personalityRead MoreSelf Assessment Of Leadership Behavior884 Words   |  4 PagesException-Active (MBE-A) this came to me after I reviewed my Electronic Self-Assessment of Leadership behavior. At my current assignment I keep my subordinates and processes in control and I enforce all the Air Force standards as well as local policies in my organization. When it comes to the mission I avoid unnecessary risks and always ensure the mission is complete. My goal for the next three to five years is to improve my leadersh ip effectiveness and become a transformational leader using the five mostRead MoreLeadership Self Assessment Of The Field Of Nursing Leadership1130 Words   |  5 PagesLeadership Self-Assessment In the field of nursing leadership is critical within the units and nursing practice. However, in the healthcare feel we may find ourselves interacting with different types of leaders. 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Research Paper On Renewable Energy - 924 Words

Renewable Revenue Here in America, our financial situation continues to look more and more depressing as the debt continues to pile up and the people on top do not seem to have any plan to fix it. The biggest issue our economy currently faces is the generation of revenue to pay off our debt to foreign money lenders there are plenty of smaller factors that plague this nation’s economic stability. Thankfully, they all share one thing in common, which is that many of them could be mitigated by the large-scale implementation of renewable energy through the nation. We’ve all been taught from a very young age that renewable energy is good simply because it is better for our environment than the usage of fossil fuels, but we were never taught†¦show more content†¦One great example is South-East Finland. This area has already implemented many common renewable energy methods such as wood fuels, solar power, wind power, hydro power, and biomass. Some of these methods are stronger than others, however, hydro power is not only expected to remain stable, but potential increase production in the coming years. â€Å"It is evaluated that the volume of hydro power will remain at the current level by 2020. However, by renovation of hydro power plants the maximum production could be significantly increased.† Another example of real-world implementation of renewable resources is the Belgorod region of Russia. This region was previously having issues with energy efficiency due to standing federal laws making it difficult to rely on traditional energy sources. Thankfully this issue was resolved with the use of biomass. â€Å"Along with economic effect biogas production will also result in the solution of environmental problems through increasing resource efficiency and waste recycling† (Pakina 152). One of the biggest reasons as to why renewable energy is so much of a preferable alternative of fossil fuels today as opposed to the past is due t o revolutionary breakthroughs in renewable energy technology. â€Å"Solar energy is clean, free, and abundant worldwide† (Schnittka, 26). Solar power has alwaysShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Renewable Energy Sources1159 Words   |  5 Pages1. Introduction Currently the renewable energy issue is intensely acknowledged, both by the specialists and general public. There has been published a huge amount of literature in the field of renewable energy sources, which has increased in the last years in absolute and relative terms [1]. 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I have decided to apply to your esteemed University as the masters program offers courses relevant to my interest. Question 3: Why This Major Why have you chosen your academic major(s) of Mechanical Engineering, M.S.? A maximum of two 80-character lines will be sent. I want to work in Renewable/ Energy efficiency of systems. I want to learn and research about the different methods of making buildings, Utilities amp; industries energy efficientRead MoreEconomic Significance Of Renewable Energy Policy1383 Words   |  6 PagesSIGNIFICANCE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY POLICY IN INDIA: A CASE STUDY OF GUJARAT’S SOLAR POLICY I. Introduction The transition to a greener energy regime in India is driven by both external factors, like energy prices, market developments, political culture and the emphasis on climate change, as well as by internal factors like the goal to achieve long term energy security and the need for enhancing access to energy. The early emphasis on renewable energy in India was primarily on the wake of energy securityRead MoreGeneration Of Electricity From Aloe Vera Plant976 Words   |  4 Pagesbe done for energy production. Although, we have plenty of non-renewable sources for electricity generation now, but, in future, only renewable sources of energy can help us out to harvest electricity from them. Alongwith, renewable sources of energy are also safer for humans and their environment. Idea of using renewable souces of earth like sun and plants together, to generate electricity, makes use of three diversified fields of planetary science, botany and electronics. In this paper, a step hasRead MoreTh e Potential Of The Se Re Innovations1269 Words   |  6 Pagesenvironmental sector such as using green energy, recycling or tracking the fuel poverty. Moreover, growing state support for developing RET and the â€Å"technical reserve† of RETs (like unmanaged woodlands, garden waste going to landfill, etc.) (Kellett, 2007), are giving SE a potential market to explore (Van der Horst, 2008). ‘The Northern Periphery Programme energy cluster has highlighted that social entrepreneurship has not been yet fully utilized in renewable energy solutions (SECRE, 2013).’ Like in UKRead MoreEvolution Of The Uk Energy Policy1500 Words   |  6 PagesName: Egbo, Kingsley O. Student No: 150432009 SPG8009 Assessment. The Evolution of the UK Energy Policy The UK government had made concerted efforts over the years in developing a definite course of action for the Renewable energy industry in the UK in light of changing conditions of the industry. This was done in order to guide and determine the conditions of engagement while proposing future directions and decisions. The intentions of these high level overall plans were to provide clear goalsRead MoreSolar Energy : The Ultimate Renewable Resource Manish Kumar1264 Words   |  6 PagesSOLAR ENERGY IS THE ULTIMATE RENEWABLE RESOURCE   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Manish Kumar (EE B.Tech)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Universal Institute of Technology, Garhi (Hisar)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  manishboora13@gmail.com       Abstract-The energy availability is essentially needed for all living beings in life .TheRead MoreGermany Will Continue Lead The Revolution Carbon Emission Reduction1156 Words   |  5 PagesThe main theme of the research paper is whether Germany will continue to lead the revolution in carbon e mission reduction. As the leading country in fighting climate change, there is an abundance of researches and reviews about the German Energy Transition, or â€Å"Energiewende†. In this research, Energiewende, the most ambitious energy transition program among industrial nations, will be discussed in details. The current energy usage in Germany will also be compared with that of United States and ChinaRead MoreThe Current Open Economy Of America Essay1490 Words   |  6 PagesMarketing Education Research Center (2009), originally, governments were not intended to have a hand in business. However, a paradigm shift occurred, especially in the west, after the Great Depression, whereby governments realized the need to regulate economic and business activities. Generally, the dominant role of government in business, as many would agree, is to provide an enabling environment for economic activities that improve commerce. According to The Marketing Education Research Center (2009)

An Introduction to Ethical Theory Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Cybertechnology related Ethical Issues. Answer: Supreme Court sides with Samsung in Apple patent damages dispute Morality refers to the principles which create distinction between the right and the wrong actions. It is the standard of principles which are based on the philosophies, religion and actions of people which defines the code of conduct. In the business environment, several situations arise in which the managers struggle from ethical dilemma in which a certain course of action will breach the different ethical principles. The ethical dilemma is defined as a complex situation in which obeying one moral philosophy results in the transgression of other philosophies. In the recent years, several moral theories have emerged which have conflicting views. The most popular moral theories are utilitarianism, deontology, virtue and contract (Birsch, 2013). These moral theories or frameworks are based on different viewpoints and justifies different course of actions. However, the essence of all these theories is to distinguish right actions from the wrong actions and makes the world a better plac e. In this regard, the following essay examines the ethical issue of intellectual property rights infringement by Samsung of the Apple iPhones. Apple is a pioneer mobile manufacturing organization. The company is famous for manufacturing iPhones with exceptional features which has developed drastic fan following. Many companies are trying to copy the designs of the company; but, remained unsuccessful. Recently, Samsung was able to copy several designs and product features of iPhone and integrated them in the product design. It was a serious case of intellectual property theft and the stealing of the efforts of several product design engineers of Apple. When the company files a case against Samsung, it obtained large compensation amount in lower court, but the Supreme Court of Australia ruled that Samsung was not liable for all the compensation imposed. It was stated that the company was not liable for all the profits from the sales of the phone but from the profits of the components that infringe the copyright laws (Balakrishnan, 2016). According to the utilitarian theory, an action can be judged as right or wrong based on its possible outcomes. The theory states that a person should move beyond ones interest and takes into account the interest of other people. Utilitarianism states that any course of action is morally correct, which has better outcomes for the society (Shafer-Landau, 2012). During the evaluation of the ruling of the Supreme Court from this theory, it can be stated that the action is morally correct. Although, the action of intellectual property infringement is unjustified; however, imposing heavy penalty on the company will discourage other companies for incremental innovation. They will get skeptical if changes introduced by them will come under the category of copyright infringement (Garber, 2008). If the government will impose heavy penalty for the actions of management of the organization, it will be wrong for the shareholders of the company. They will suffer from decreased share value. Moreover, imposing penalty for the designs developed by the Samsung will be wrong to the company. The action is justified by the utilitarianism as it assisted in bringing the unique features and designs of iPhones to common people. It can be posited that the Apples iPhone are costly and can only be bought by affluent class. Samsung made the phones approachable to the middle class people and thus contributed to the welfare of the society (Timmons, 2012). The deontological philosophy of ethics state that the morality of action is based on a set of rules. The deontological ethics is based on certain obligations and not on their consequences. It states that if an action is right, then it is right regardless of it consequences. There are three basic principles of the deontological. Firstly, all the people must adhere to a certain morality standard or framework. If a person is following a different moral standard, then he cannot be held responsible for their actions. Morality should be distinguished to from the basic inclination or feelings. Thirdly, morality is derived from reasons or logic not from experience (Farrell, 2010). It can be reviewed that according to this deontological ethics, Samsung was a wrong doer in the situation and must be punished. Samsung copied the features of the designs of Apple iPhones. It has theft of the hard work of the Apples design engineers. According to deontological theory, a person or organization must not engage in ethically wrong actions regardless of the consequences. When the case is evaluated with this theory, it can be evaluated that although Samsung has done a good work of making technology more accessible, it cannot be considered as a morally justified action, as theft is considered as morally wrong in any morality framework (Waluchow, 2003). Virtue ethics refers to the normative ethical theory which states that an individuals character is important for ethical thinking. The virtue ethics emphasizes that an individuals character is essential in ethical thinking. It states that rather than rules or consequences, the virtues of people are important for ethical thinking. Samsung is a large multinational organization, which abides by the ethical principles and values. The business organizations follow certain ethical principles or code of conduct for ethical business (Melden 2013). They also need to abide by the government laws and legislations. However, Samsung did not follow ethical business practices. Copying the features of the Apples iPhones, the company stole the investment and the hard work of the company. Therefore, according to virtue ethics, the theft of intellectual property can be categorized as an immoral action. Social contract theory states that the morals of a person are dependent upon the contract or agreement which they form in the society they live. The contractual ethical theory is different from other normative theories as it states that an individual seek the public justification of moral principles through social contracts. It states that an individual shows or perform as particular action, principle or practice because other people are in favor of that action, principle and practice (Oxley, 2011). According to this theory, the action of Samsung is immoral as the company is operating in international markets. Therefore, it should be concerned regarding the welfare of the society. The primary stakeholders of the company are its customers which mean that the company should focus on developing positive relations with them. In this regard, it can be critiqued that the action of the company is moral when evaluated from the perspective of this theory. The company is making state-of-art te chnology more accessible to the customers. The people are able to use latest technology and derive benefits from it. However, it also encourages stealing and larceny. The people can get inspired by this action and disregard the intellectual property and labor of other people (Rawls, 2009). It can be concluded that the action of the company is immoral. Stealing the intellectual property of other people and organization is an immoral action as it disregards the financial and time investment in the development of technology. Although, some moral theories categorizes it as moral action because it makes technology more accessible to the general public, it is an immoral action as ethical framework cannot categorize stealing of others hard work as a legitimate action. Utilitarianism states that the morality of actions can be judged according to its consequences. However, the present action is spreading the value of disregard of the intellectual property rights. It can be critiqued from the essay that the action is immoral and government should impose penalty on the organization to control future intellectual property breaches in the company. References Farrell, M.E. (2010). Ethics: A University Guide. Progressive Frontiers Pubs. Oxley, J. (2011). The Moral Dimensions of Empathy: Limits and Applications in Ethical Theory and Practice. Springer. Birsch, D. (2013). Introduction to Ethical Theories: A Procedural Approach. Waveland Press. Shafer-Landau, R. (2012). Ethical Theory: An Anthology. John Wiley Sons. Melden A. (2013). Ethical Theories. Read Books Ltd. Waluchow, W.J. (2003). The Dimensions of Ethics: An Introduction to Ethical Theory. Broadview Press. Rawls, J. (2009). A Theory of Justice. Harvard University Press. Timmons, M. (2012). Moral Theory: An Introduction. Plymouth: Rowman Littlefield. Garber, P.R. (2008). The Ethical Dilemma. Human Resource Development. Balakrishnan, A. (2016). Supreme Court sides with Samsung in Apple patent damages dispute. Retrieved on 3 may 2017 from https://www.cnbc.com/2016/12/06/supreme-court-rules-for-samsung-in-apple-patent-case.html